Patholines:Editorial guidelines: Difference between revisions
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'''Target audience''': The text should be written to be understood by a recent medical school graduate with corresponding pathology knowledge. It should be '''concise''', so that a pathologist (or graduate training to become a pathologist) at work can quickly find the information of interest. For example, do not state what the reader most definitely already knows. Also, limit the content to what should be done at each step, and limit the underlying theory thereof to the most essential, such as an overview chart of etiologies and their incidences in [[Dark_skin_focalities#Microscopic_evaluation|Dark skin focalities]].<ref name="elsewhere" group="notes">Patholines presumes that additional underlying theory can generally be readily found elsewhere.</ref> | '''Target audience''': The text should be written to be understood by a recent medical school graduate with corresponding pathology knowledge. It should be '''concise''', so that a pathologist (or graduate training to become a pathologist) at work can quickly find the information of interest. For example, do not state what the reader most definitely already knows. Also, limit the content to what should be done at each step, and limit the underlying theory thereof to the most essential, such as an overview chart of etiologies and their incidences in [[Dark_skin_focalities#Microscopic_evaluation|Dark skin focalities]].<ref name="elsewhere" group="notes">Patholines presumes that additional underlying theory can generally be readily found elsewhere.</ref> | ||
The organization of gross and microscopic examinations must be '''finding-based''' rather than diagnosis-based (as in form example [[Kidney autopsy#Microscopic evaluation]]). It | Content must be '''relevant''' to a pathology practitioner. Every entry must directly tell the reader what to do in a certain situation, or contain the most relevant information that is needed for a such entry. | ||
The organization of articles, as well as gross and microscopic examinations within articles, must be '''finding-based''' rather than diagnosis-based (as in form example [[Kidney autopsy#Microscopic evaluation]]), since it is oriented towards readers who presumably have a case at hand where they don't yet know the diagnosis. It should also be assumed that the readers do ''not know the names'' for the pathologic findings at hand, ''nor which conditions'' are causing them when needing to use Patholines in the situation at hand. Thus, findings should be given by images, followed by how to integrate their absence or presence to point toward the most likely diagnosis or differential diagnoses. | |||
Text should be written in '''imperative''' format whenever possible, such as "Look at..." or "Avoid...", rather than stating facts. | Text should be written in '''imperative''' format whenever possible, such as "Look at..." or "Avoid...", rather than stating facts. | ||
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There may be variations in the level structure, such as additional levels between the ones above, or articles about diseases in specific locations or by a specific modality. | There may be variations in the level structure, such as additional levels between the ones above, or articles about diseases in specific locations or by a specific modality. However, Patholines should as much as possible be presentation-based, so that users can learn how to favor or disprove the differential diagnoses of the presentations they see. | ||
By linking to further information in other articles, each article should be kept short enough to be read conveniently for a pathologist working with the subject at hand. | By linking to further information in other articles, each article should be kept short enough to be read conveniently for a pathologist working with the subject at hand. | ||
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*See [[#Cases]] below for case-related guidelines. | *See [[#Cases]] below for case-related guidelines. | ||
[[File: | [[File:Histopathology of ovarian serous borderline tumor.jpg|thumb|350px|Image description.]] | ||
Images can be added in articles by clicking the "Edit" tab at top and then "Insert" and "Media". In source code, images are added to the right in the text by the following code for an example file "File: | Images can be '''added''' in articles by clicking the "Edit" tab at top and then "Insert" and "Media". In source code, images are added to the right in the text by the following code for an example file "File:Histopathology of ovarian serous borderline tumor.jpg":<br> | ||
<nowiki>[[File: | <nowiki>[[File:Histopathology of ovarian serous borderline tumor.jpg|thumb|350px|Image description.]]</nowiki> | ||
Images should be large enough in articles to clearly '''show''' their relevant findings, even without clicking on them to see larger versions. Findings are preferably '''labeled''' within images as shown, since the purpose is to teach them to people who don't know them yet, so they may not even know what part of the image to look at. For better flow, '''avoid repeating''' such findings in the image caption or in the article prose. If possible, do not use '''(Fig. 1)''' in the text and a separate figure elsewhere, but rather have it as a gallery directly following the related text (see [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Gallery_tag the "''Help:Gallery tag''" page in Wikipedia] for formatting), such as this segment of [[Brain autopsy]]: | |||
{|class="wikitable" | |||
| '''Infarction'''<br>Attempt to estimate the '''age''' of any infarct. Also look at '''blood vessels''' for thrombus or stenosis. | |||
<gallery mode=packed heights=170> | |||
File:Histopathology of thalamus infarction at approximately 24 hours, low magnification, annotated.jpg|On low-power, look for areas of edema, as pale areas that do not conform to anatomic borders. This case is at approximately 24 hours. | |||
File:Histopathology of thalamus infarction at approximately 24 hours, high magnification, annotated.jpg|thumb|If found, or if there is clinical suspicion of infarction in the area, look at high magnification in the pale areas for signs of infarction: The neurons become hypereosinophilic and there is an infiltrate of neutrophils. There is slight edema and loss of normal architecture in the surrounding neuropil. | |||
</gallery> | |||
|} | |||
Similarly, preferably avoid sequencing of images into '''"a, b, c, etc"'''. If a caption needs to say more than "upper right" or similar, then make it a separate image and give it a separate caption. | |||
The '''image description''' should mention the purpose or relevance of each mentioned finding (such as "Typical features of the condition are as follows:"). | |||
For more rendering alternatives, see [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Images Mediawiki:Help:Images] | For more rendering alternatives, see [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Images Mediawiki:Help:Images] | ||
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Sections to generally '''avoid''': | Sections to generally '''avoid''': | ||
*'''Anatomy''' or '''histology''' sections should generally not be used, because any relevant anatomy should be integrated into its context in other sections. For example, normal hair follicles are mentioned among the [[Basal-cell carcinoma#Differential diagnoses|differential diagnoses of basal-cell carcinoma]]. Rare exceptions are specimen types where normal histology should generally be reported, such as | *'''Anatomy''' or '''histology''' sections should generally not be used, because any relevant anatomy should be integrated into its context in other sections. For example, normal hair follicles are mentioned among the [[Basal-cell carcinoma#Differential diagnoses|differential diagnoses of basal-cell carcinoma]]. Rare exceptions are specimen types where normal histology should generally be reported, such as [[Cervical biopsy|cervical biopsies]] and [[Endometrial curettage|endometrial curettages]]. | ||
*'''Indications for biopsy''' or '''Treatment''', unless generally performed by pathologists themselves. Otherwise, information about treatment is only relevant if being written together with how it affects the way to plan, evaluate or report on the imaging.<ref name="elsewhere" group="notes"/> | *'''Indications for biopsy''' or '''Treatment''', unless generally performed by pathologists themselves. Otherwise, information about treatment is only relevant if being written together with how it affects the way to plan, evaluate or report on the imaging.<ref name="elsewhere" group="notes"/> | ||
*Section headers without content, where section content should be added right away, or the header be removed. | *Section headers without content, where section content should be added right away, or the header be removed. | ||
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*'''Presentations''', linking to relevant articles where the finding is relevant, such as [[Myocardial fibrosis]] being a potential finding in [[Heart]], [[Heart autopsy|autopsy thereof]] and/or [[autopsy of myocardial infarction]]. | *'''Presentations''', linking to relevant articles where the finding is relevant, such as [[Myocardial fibrosis]] being a potential finding in [[Heart]], [[Heart autopsy|autopsy thereof]] and/or [[autopsy of myocardial infarction]]. | ||
*'''Microscopic/Histopathologic evaluation''', as per diagnosis articles above. | *'''Microscopic/Histopathologic evaluation''', as per diagnosis articles above. | ||
==Questions== | |||
Preferably add one or more questions at the end of articles so that readers can test themselves on memorization-worthy content. Present a possible real life situation, as well as all pertinent information that you can readily look up before needing to answer the question, so to ensure that it tests you memorization-worthy knowledge (see [[Learning pathology]]). | |||
==Genetics== | |||
Do not add genetic test results such as mutations without describing in what situations you would order genetic tests in the first place. | |||
==Cases== | ==Cases== | ||
Case descriptions should be written entirely in the description page of the uploaded image. The following data are preferable: | Case descriptions should be written entirely in the description page of the uploaded image. The following data are preferable: | ||
*'''Consent note''', for example "Verbal consent" | *'''Consent note''', for example "Verbal consent", or, if applicable: | ||
:*"Consent from the patient or patient's relatives is regarded as redundant, because of absence of identifiable features ([https://research.ucr.edu/ori/committees/irb-clin/hipaa/hipaa-phi-identifiers List of HIPAA identifiers]) in the media and case information ([https://research.ucr.edu/media/34266/hipaa_case_reports.pdf See also HIPAA case reports guidance])." | |||
*'''Diagnostic certainty''', from "Possible", "Probable", "Almost certain" to "Certain", or "Not applicable" | *'''Diagnostic certainty''', from "Possible", "Probable", "Almost certain" to "Certain", or "Not applicable" | ||
* | *If patient consent: '''Age''', '''sex''' and '''history''' and/or '''symptoms''' | ||
*'''Findings''' in the image | *'''Findings''' in the image | ||