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Mikael Häggström (talk | contribs)
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For skin specimens in general:
{{Fixation - standard}}
{{Fixation - general notes}}
*Suspected '''immunologic disease''':<ref name="ChhabraMinz2012">Page 678 in: {{cite journal|last1=Chhabra|first1=Seema|last2=Minz|first2=RanjanaWalker|last3=Saikia|first3=Biman|title=Immunofluorescence in dermatology|journal=Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology|volume=78|issue=6|year=2012|pages=677|issn=0378-6323|doi=10.4103/0378-6323.102355|url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/23d0/148dbe342a93e0bc65a6a2e31040a89113ba.pdf}}</ref> Fixation for immunofluorescence, with for example [[Michel's solution]].<ref name=kvast>{{cite web|url=http://www.svfp.se/foreningar/uploads/L15178/kvast/hud/Handlaggning%20av%20hudprover%20%20provtagningsanvisningar%20utskarningsprinciper%20och%20snittning%2020150325.pdf|title=Handläggning av hudprover – provtagningsanvisningar, utskärningsprinciper och snittning (Handling of skin samples - Instructions for sampling, cutting and incision|author=Katarzyna Lundmark, Krynitz, Ismini Vassilaki, Lena Mölne, Annika Ternesten Bratel|accessdate=2019-09-09|website=KVAST (Swedish Society of Pathology)}}</ref> ''For details, see [[immunofluorescense of skin tissues]]''


==Fixation==
==Presentations==
*'''Generally''': Buffered 4% formaldehyde.<ref name=kvast>{{cite web|url=http://www.svfp.se/foreningar/uploads/L15178/kvast/hud/Handlaggning%20av%20hudprover%20%20provtagningsanvisningar%20utskarningsprinciper%20och%20snittning%2020150325.pdf|title=Handläggning av hudprover – provtagningsanvisningar, utskärningsprinciper och snittning (Handling of skin samples - Instructions for sampling, cutting and incision|author=Katarzyna Lundmark, Krynitz, Ismini Vassilaki, Lena Mölne, Annika Ternesten Bratel|accessdate=2019-09-09|website=KVAST (Swedish Society of Pathology)}}</ref>
<gallery>
*Suspected '''immunologic disease''':<ref name="ChhabraMinz2012">Page 678 in: {{cite journal|last1=Chhabra|first1=Seema|last2=Minz|first2=RanjanaWalker|last3=Saikia|first3=Biman|title=Immunofluorescence in dermatology|journal=Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology|volume=78|issue=6|year=2012|pages=677|issn=0378-6323|doi=10.4103/0378-6323.102355|url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/23d0/148dbe342a93e0bc65a6a2e31040a89113ba.pdf}}</ref> Fixation for immunofluorescence, with for example [[Michel's solution]].<ref name=kvast/> ''For details, see [[immunofluorescense of skin tissues]]''
File:Dark skin focalities.jpg|link=Dark skin focalities|[[Dark skin focalities]]
{{Fixation}}
File:Gross pathology of cystic nodular hidradenoma.jpg|link=Skin cysts|[[Skin cysts]]
</gallery>
===Most common requests===
*[[Suspected malignant skin excisions]]
:*[[Melanoma in situ]]
:*[[Invasive melanoma of the skin]]
:*[[Basal-cell carcinoma]]
:*[[Squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin]]
*[[Dermatitis]]
*[[Benign non-inflammatory skin conditions]]
:*[[Dysplastic nevus]]  
*[[Wound]]
{{Gross processing of skin excisions}}
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==Microscopic evaluation==
If the referral does not point to any particular request (see "[[#Most common requests|Most common requests]]" above), the following algorithm may be applied:
*Is it a '''[[suspected malignant skin excisions|suspected malignant skin excision]]'''? If not:
*If primarily inflammatory, evaluate as '''[[dermatitis]]'''. If none of these, evaluate as:
*'''[[Benign non-inflammatory skin conditions]]''', including '''[[skin cyst]]s'''
 
In '''intraoperative''' consultations by frozen section, it is generally sufficient to report clear margins if present, and specification of the type of tumor can be deferred to permanent sections.
 
==Reporting==
''Preferably see specific articles from algorithm in section above.''
*Optionally, the presence of a keratinized squamous epithelium.
*Any abnormalities, generally preceded by location in terms of epidermal, dermal or more specific layers thereof.
*If malignant:
:*Degree of differentiation
:*Radicality/Least distance to a margin
:*Perineural or vascular invasion if present
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