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==Microscopic evaluation==
==Microscopic evaluation==
The main initial clue is the lining of the cyst, being either stratified squamous epithelium, non-stratified squamous epithelium, or absence of epithelium (pseudocysts):<ref name=Bolognia>[https://books.google.se/books?id=Ufw6DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1917 page 1917] in: {{cite book | last=Bolognia | first=Jean | title=Dermatology | publisher=Elsevier | publication-place=Philadelphia, Pa | year=2018 | isbn=978-0-7020-6342-8 | oclc=1011508489 | language=de | ref=harv}}</ref>
Major initial clues are:
*Whether the lining of the cyst is stratified squamous epithelium, non-stratified squamous epithelium, or absence of epithelium (pseudocysts):<ref name=Bolognia>[https://books.google.se/books?id=Ufw6DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1917 page 1917] in: {{cite book | last=Bolognia | first=Jean | title=Dermatology | publisher=Elsevier | publication-place=Philadelphia, Pa | year=2018 | isbn=978-0-7020-6342-8 | oclc=1011508489 | language=de | ref=harv}}</ref>
*Location of the cyst.<ref name=Bolognia/>


===Stratified squamous epithelium===
===Stratified squamous epithelium===

Revision as of 08:48, 4 March 2020

Author: Mikael Häggström [note 1]

Microscopic evaluation

Major initial clues are:

  • Whether the lining of the cyst is stratified squamous epithelium, non-stratified squamous epithelium, or absence of epithelium (pseudocysts):[1]
  • Location of the cyst.[1]

Stratified squamous epithelium

File:Relative incidence of cutaneous cysts.jpg
Relative incidence of cutaneous cysts.[2]
Location Main diagnoses[1]
Face
  • Epidermoid cyst
  • Milium
  • Pigmented follicular cyst (men)
  • Dermoid cyst (along embryonic fusion planes such as lateral eyebrows in infants)
  • Verrucous cyst
Scalp
  • Epidermoid cyst
  • Trichilemmal cyst
  • Proliferating tricholemmal cyst
Trunk
  • Epidermoid cyst
  • Vellus hair cyst (chest)
  • Steatocystoma
  • Veruccous cyst
Pelvic, anogenital
  • Proliferating epidermoid (infundibular) cyst
Axilla and groin
  • Steatocystoma
  • Epidermoid cyst
Preauricular
  • Ear pit cyst
  • Epidermoid cyst
Upper gluteal cleft and sacrococcygeal area
  • Pilonidal cyst

Non-stratified squamous epithelium

  • Brachial cleft cyst (teenagers and young adults)
Location Main diagnoses[1]
Face
  • Hidrocystoma
  • Eccrine at lower eyelid and cheek
  • Apocrine at eyelid margin
Suprasternal notch
  • Bronchogenic cyst (infants)
Midline anterior neck
  • Thyroglossal duct cyst
Lateral neck, preauricular, mandibular
Lower extremities
  • Cutaneous ciliated cyst (young women)
Labia majora
  • Ciliated cyst of the vulva
Ventral glans and penile shaft
  • Median raphe cyst
Umbilical or periumbilical
  • Omphalomesenteric duct cyst

Absence of epithelium (pseudocyst)

Location Main diagnoses[1]
Oral mucosa Mucocele (lower labial)
Dorsal aspect of distal phalanx of finger or toe
  • Digital mucous cyst/pseudocyst
Wrist
  • Ganglion
Scaphoid fossa of the ear
  • Pseudocyst of the auricle (adult men)
Sites of surgical trauma
  • Cutaneous metaplastic synovial cyst/pseudocyst

Diagnoses

Epidermoid cyst

File:Histopathology of epidermoid cyst.jpg
Epidermoid cyst

Typical findings:[3]

  • Stratified squamous epithelium with a granular layer
  • Cyst wall does not contain eccrine glands, sebaceous glands or hair follicles
  • Abundant keratin flakes in cyst lumen
  • Often giant cell granuloma in ruptured cysts, similar to foreign body granuloma

Notes

  1. ↑ For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Patholines:Authorship for details.

Main page

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 page 1917 in: Bolognia, Jean (2018) (in de). Dermatology . Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-7020-6342-8. OCLC 1011508489. 
  2. ↑ Pakistan: Kamyab, Kambiz; Kianfar, Nika; Dasdar, Shayan; Salehpour, Zahra; Nasimi, Maryam (2020). "Cutaneous cysts: a clinicopathologic analysis of 2,438 cases ". International Journal of Dermatology. doi:10.1111/ijd.14808. ISSN 0011-9059. 
  3. ↑ V. Claire Vaughan, M.D., Joshua Wisell, M.D.. Skin nonmelanocytic tumor - Cysts - Epidermal (epidermoid) type. pathology Outlines. Topic Completed: 9 May 2019. Revised: 13 December 2019

Image sources


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