Evaluation: Difference between revisions
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*First, look at each microscopy slide by '''eye''', to plan the microscopy screening so as to not miss peripheral fragments. | *First, look at each microscopy slide by '''eye''', to plan the microscopy screening so as to not miss peripheral fragments. | ||
*Have a systematic '''direction''' of screening through microscopy slides, such as from top left to bottom right as seen in the microscope. When two-way mirrored, the starting position of the microscope slide is then with the objective pointing at bottom right. | *Have a systematic '''direction''' of screening through microscopy slides, such as from top left to bottom right as seen in the microscope. When two-way mirrored, the starting position of the microscope slide is then with the objective pointing at bottom right. | ||
==Artifacts== | |||
In microscopy, an artifact is an apparent structural detail that is caused by the processing of the specimen and is thus not a legitimate feature of the specimen. Major artifacts to account for include: | |||
<gallery mode=packed> | |||
File:Cellulose contamination in H&E and polarized light.jpg|Cellulose '''contamination''', here seen on H&E stain and polarized light, respectively. | |||
File:Histopathology of cardiac muscle with contamination from thyroid tissue.jpg|Cardiac muscle (bottom) with '''contamination''' from thyroid tissue (center). | |||
File:Crush artifact from forceps.jpg|'''Crush''' artifact from compression by forceps on the tissue sample. | |||
File:Skin with folds and crush artifact by needle.jpg|'''Folding''' artifacts (white arrows) and a crush artifact (black arrow, with [[cytoplasmic hypereosinophilia]] and [[nuclear pleomorphism]]) from a needle. | |||
File:Tearing artifacts in histopathology.jpg|'''Tearing''' artifacts, such as can be caused by:<br>- Microtomy with a nick or blemish in the knife edge.<ref name="TaqiSami2018">{{cite journal|last1=Taqi|first1=SyedAhmed|last2=Sami|first2=SyedAbdus|last3=Sami|first3=LateefBegum|last4=Zaki|first4=SyedAhmed|title=A review of artifacts in histopathology|journal=Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology|volume=22|issue=2|year=2018|pages=279|issn=0973-029X|doi=10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_125_15}}</ref><br>- Traction of the sections.<br>- Too much or too little alcohol dehydration.<ref name="TaqiSami2018"/><br>- Sectioning calcified parts, which can be decalcified or removed.<ref name="TaqiSami2018"/> | |||
File:Microscopy of liver parenchyma with tearing artifacts.jpg|More '''tearing''' artifacts, showing that they may be more circular than fusiform. | |||
File:Formalin pigment artifacts.jpg|''''Formalin pigment''' artifacts | |||
File:Air bubble entrapment artifacts.jpg|'''Air bubble entrapment''' artifacts | |||
File:Staining artifacts by residual wax.jpg|'''Staining''' artifacts by residual wax, resulting in pale areas where cellular structures are not discernible. | |||
File:Histopathology of radically excised basal-cell carcinoma with separation artifact (horizontal layout).jpg|A '''separation''' artifact in top image makes the tumor look incompletely excised, but the next microtomy level (bottom image) shows a surgical margin of connective tissue. | |||
</gallery> | |||
{{Bottom}} | {{Bottom}} | ||