Dermatitis: Difference between revisions

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===Non vesicullobullous, non-pustular lesions with epidermal changes===
===Non vesicullobullous, non-pustular lesions with epidermal changes===
====Spongiotic dermatitis====
====Spongiotic dermatitis====
It is characterized by epithelial intercellular edema.<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
!rowspan=2|  !!colspan=3| Characteristics !!rowspan=2| Micrograph !!rowspan=2| Photograph
!rowspan=2|  !!colspan=3| Characteristics !!rowspan=2| Micrograph !!rowspan=2| Photograph
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In addition to above, an unspecific spongiotic dermatitis can be consistent with nummular dermatitis, dyshidrotic dermatitis, Id reaction, dermatophytosis, miliaria, Gianotti-Crosti syndrome5 and pityriasis rosea.<ref name="Alsaad2005"/><ref group="notes" name="not-otherwise-specified"/>
In addition to above, an unspecific spongiotic dermatitis can be consistent with nummular dermatitis, dyshidrotic dermatitis, Id reaction, dermatophytosis, miliaria, Gianotti-Crosti syndrome5 and pityriasis rosea.<ref name="Alsaad2005"/><ref group="notes" name="not-otherwise-specified"/>


====Interface and psoriaform====
====Interface dermatitis====
These are sorted into either:<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
*Interface dermatitis with vacuolar change
*Interface dermatitis with lichenoid inflammation
 
=====Vacuolar change====
{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
! Main conditions<ref name="Alsaad2005"/> !! Characteristics !! Micrograph !! Photograph
! Main conditions<ref name="Alsaad2005"/> !! Characteristics !! Micrograph !! Photograph
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|-
! Spongiotic dermatitis<br>- epithelial intercellular edema<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>  
! Generally/Not otherwise specified
|  
| Typical findings:<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
*Mild inflammatory cell infiltrate along the dermoepidermal junction
*Vacuolar change within the basal keratinocytes
*Often necrotic, predominantly basal, individual keratinocytes, manifesting as colloid or Civatte bodies
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! Acute graft-versus-host-disease
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|  
*Vacuolar alteration of various severity, from focal or diffuse vacuolation of the basal keratinocytes (grade I), to separation at the dermoepidermal junction (grade III)
*Involvement of the hair follicle<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
*Rarely eosinophils<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
| [[File:Micrographs of grades of skin graft-versus-host-disease.jpg|190px]]
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! Allergic drug reaction
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*Rarely involvement of hair follicles.<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
*Frequently eosinophils<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
| [[File:Spongiotic dermatitis from drug allergy.jpg|190px]]
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! Lichen sclerosis et atrophicus
| Hyperkeratosis, atrophic epidermis, sclerosis of dermis and dermal lymphocytes.<ref name="emed">{{EMedicine|derm|234|Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus}}</ref> The biopsies are also checked for signs of [[dysplasia]].<ref name="Shelley2006">{{Cite journal | last1 = Shelley | first1 = W. B. | last2 = Shelley | first2 = E. D. | last3 = Amurao | first3 = C. V. | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2006.02978.x | title = Treatment of lichen sclerosus with antibiotics | journal = International Journal of Dermatology | volume = 45 | issue = 9 | pages = 1104–1106 | year = 2006 | pmid =  16961523| pmc = }}</ref>
| [[File:Micrograph of lichen sclerosus.jpg|190px]]
|}
An interface dermatitis with vacuolar alteration, not otherwise specified, may be caused by viral exanthems, phototoxic dermatitis, acute radiation dermatitis, erythema multiforme, erythema dyschromicum perstans and lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis.<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
====Psoriaform dermatitis====
{|class="wikitable"
! Main conditions<ref name="Alsaad2005"/> !! Characteristics !! Micrograph !! Photograph
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| Interface dermatitis ||  ||  
| Interface dermatitis ||  ||  
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| [[File:Erythema annulare centrifugum on arms and legs.jpg|190px]]
| [[File:Erythema annulare centrifugum on arms and legs.jpg|190px]]
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! Not otherwise specified<ref group="notes" name="not-otherwise-specified">A description of the findings attained so far is generally enough as a diagnosis in "not otherwise specified" cases.</ref>
! Not otherwise specified<ref group="notes" name="not-otherwise-specified">A description of the findings attained so far is generally enough as a diagnosis in "not otherwise specified" cases, but may mention when it can be consistent with a diagnosis that is clinically suspected according to the referral.</ref>
| A lesion with superficial lymphocytic infiltrate without additional histopathologic characteristics can be due to for example drug reactions and insect bites.<ref name="Alsaad2005"/><ref group="notes" name="not-otherwise-specified"/>
| A lesion with superficial lymphocytic infiltrate without additional histopathologic characteristics can be due to for example drug reactions and insect bites.<ref name="Alsaad2005"/><ref group="notes" name="not-otherwise-specified"/>
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