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| =====Interface dermatitis with vacuolar change===== | | =====Interface dermatitis with vacuolar change===== |
| {|class="wikitable" | | {{Table of causes of vacuolar interface dermatitis}} |
| ! Main conditions<ref name="Alsaad2005"/> !! Characteristics !! Micrograph !! Photograph
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| ! Generally/Not otherwise specified
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| | Typical findings:<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
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| *Mild inflammatory cell infiltrate along the dermoepidermal junction (black arrow in image)
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| *Vacuolization within the basal keratinocytes (white arrow in image)
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| *Often necrotic, predominantly basal, individual keratinocytes, manifesting as colloid or Civatte bodies
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| | [[File:Vacuolar interface dermatitis, annotated.jpg|190px]]
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| ! Acute graft-versus-host-disease
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| *Vacuolar alteration of various severity, from focal or diffuse vacuolation of the basal keratinocytes (grade I), to separation at the dermoepidermal junction (grade III)
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| *Involvement of the hair follicle<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
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| *Rarely eosinophils<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
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| | [[File:Micrographs of grades of skin graft-versus-host-disease.jpg|190px]]
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| ! Allergic drug reaction
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| *Rarely involvement of hair follicles.<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
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| *Frequently eosinophils<ref name="Alsaad2005"/>
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| | [[File:Spongiotic dermatitis from drug allergy.jpg|190px]]
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| ! [[Lichen sclerosus]]
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| | Hyperkeratosis, atrophic epidermis, sclerosis of dermis and dermal lymphocytes.<ref name="emed">{{cite web|url=https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1123316-overview#|title=Lichen Sclerosus|author=Lisa K Pappas-Taffer|website=Medscape}} Updated: May 17, 2018</ref>
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| | [[File:Micrograph of lichen sclerosus.jpg|190px]]
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| ! Erythema multiforme
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| ! Lupus erythematosis
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| | Typical findings in systemic lupus erythematosus:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/skinnontumorlupussle.html|title=Skin inflammatory (nontumor) > Lichenoid and interface reaction patterns > Lupus: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)|author=Mowafak Hamodat|website=PathologyOutlines}} Topic Completed: 1 August 2011. Revised: 26 March 2019</ref>
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| *Fibrinoid necrosis at the dermoepidermal junction
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| *Liquefactive degeneration and atrophy of the epidermis
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| *Mucin deposition in the reticular dermis
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| *Edema, small hemorrhages
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| *Mild and mainly lymphocytic infiltrate in the upper dermis
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| *Fibrinoid material in the dermis around capillary blood vessels, on collagen and in the interstitium
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| *In non-bullous cases, perivascular and interstitial neutrophils are sometimes present in the upper dermis, with damage to blood vessels
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| | [[File:Histopathology of systemic lupus erythematosus.jpg|190px]]
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| | [[File:Butterfly rash of lupus erythematosus.jpg|190px]]
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| |}
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| An interface dermatitis with vacuolar alteration, not otherwise specified, may be caused by viral exanthems, phototoxic dermatitis, acute radiation dermatitis, erythema dyschromicum perstans, lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis.<ref name="Alsaad2005"/> | | An interface dermatitis with vacuolar alteration, not otherwise specified, may be caused by viral exanthems, phototoxic dermatitis, acute radiation dermatitis, erythema dyschromicum perstans, lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis.<ref name="Alsaad2005"/> |
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