Staging
edit
Stage pancreatic cancers as follows:[1]
| Tumor (T) |
Criteria
|
| TX |
The primary tumor cannot be evaluated.
|
| T0 |
No evidence of cancer was found in the pancreas.
|
| Tis |
Carcinoma in situ. This includes:
- High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIn-3)
- Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia
- Intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia
- Mucinous cystic neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia.
|
| T1 |
The tumor is in the pancreas only, and is ≤2 cm in greatest dimension
|
| - T1a |
Tumor ≤0.5 cm in greatest dimension
|
| - T1b |
Tumor >0.5 cm and <1 cm in greatest dimension
|
| - T1c |
Tumor 1–2 cm in greatest dimension
|
| T2 |
The tumor is in the pancreas only, and it is >2 cm and ≤4 cm in greatest dimension
|
| T3 |
Tumor >4 cm in greatest dimension
|
| T4 |
Tumor involves celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and/or common hepatic artery, regardless of size
|
| Node (N) |
Criteria
|
| NX |
The regional lymph nodes cannot be evaluated.
|
| N0 |
Cancer was not found in the regional lymph nodes.
|
| N1 |
Metastasis in 1 to 3 regional lymph nodes.
|
| N2 |
Metastasis in 4 or more regional lymph nodes.
|
| Metastasis (M) |
Criteria
|
| M0 |
No distant metastasis
|
| M1 |
Distant metastasis, including distant lymph nodes. Pancreatic cancer most commonly spreads to the liver, the peritoneum, and the lungs.
|