Difference between revisions of "Lung tumor"

From patholines.org
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(→‎Lung cancers: +Workup)
Line 33: Line 33:
 
File:Lung adenocarcinoma with lepidic growth - low magnification.jpg|'''[[Lung adenocarcinoma]]''', with lepidic pattern shown, wherein tumors cells cover alveolar walls.  
 
File:Lung adenocarcinoma with lepidic growth - low magnification.jpg|'''[[Lung adenocarcinoma]]''', with lepidic pattern shown, wherein tumors cells cover alveolar walls.  
 
File:Histopathology of lung adenocarcinoma with solid pattern.jpg|'''[[Lung adenocarcinoma]]''', with solid pattern.
 
File:Histopathology of lung adenocarcinoma with solid pattern.jpg|'''[[Lung adenocarcinoma]]''', with solid pattern.
File:Large cell carcinoma of the lung .jpg|'''Large cell carcinoma''' of the lung: neoplastic cells with abundant pale eosinophilic cytoplasm
+
File:Large cell carcinoma of the lung .jpg|'''Large cell carcinoma''' of the lung: neoplastic cells with abundant pale eosinophilic cytoplasm.
File:Histopathology of squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung.jpg|'''[[Squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung]]'''. Typical squamous-cell carcinoma cells are large with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large, often vesicular, nuclei.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dermnetnz.org/topics/squamous-cell-carcinoma-pathology/|title=Squamous cell carcinoma pathology|website=DermNetz|author=Dr Nicholas Turnbull, A/Prof Patrick Emanual|date=2014-05-03}}</ref>
+
File:Histopathology of squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung.jpg|'''[[Squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung|Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung]]'''. Typical squamous-cell carcinoma cells are large with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large, often vesicular, nuclei.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dermnetnz.org/topics/squamous-cell-carcinoma-pathology/|title=Squamous cell carcinoma pathology|website=DermNetz|author=Dr Nicholas Turnbull, A/Prof Patrick Emanual|date=2014-05-03}}</ref>
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 +
 +
Whereas large cell carcinoma is more often histologically distinct, adenocarcinoma and SCC may look alike. In such cases, a panel of TTF1, CK5/6, and p63 can be used to distinguish the two.<ref name="pmid29538329">{{cite journal| author=Inamura K| title=Update on Immunohistochemistry for the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer. | journal=Cancers (Basel) | year= 2018 | volume= 10 | issue= 3 | pages=  | pmid=29538329 | doi=10.3390/cancers10030072 | pmc=5876647 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29538329  }} </ref><ref name="pmid30235512">{{cite journal| author=Affandi KA, Tizen NMS, Mustangin M, Zin RRMRM| title=p40 Immunohistochemistry Is an Excellent Marker in Primary Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. | journal=J Pathol Transl Med | year= 2018 | volume= 52 | issue= 5 | pages= 283-289 | pmid=30235512 | doi=10.4132/jptm.2018.08.14 | pmc=6166010 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30235512  }} </ref>
  
 
==Further workup==
 
==Further workup==

Revision as of 17:54, 14 December 2021

Author: Mikael Häggström [note 1]

Comprehensiveness

On this resource, the following formatting is used for comprehensiveness:

  • Minimal depth
  • (Moderate depth)
  • ((Comprehensive))

Presentations

Gross processing

As per presentation above.

Microscopic evaluation

Lung cancers by relative incidence.

Medical imaging provides a major clue as to whether a lung tumor is benign or malignant, where lesions smaller than 2 cm are likely to be benign, whereas lesions larger than 2 cm are malignant (that is, lung cancer) in 85% of cases.[1]

Benign tumors

Subsequently distribution of benign tumors and lung cancers, respectively, are as follows:[1]

Minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules (MPMNs) are interstitial nodular proliferations of small oval or spindle-shape cells in nests,[2] and do not need reporting.[image 1]

Benign lung tumors:

  • Hamartomas - 76%
  • Benign fibrous mesothelioma/solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) - 12.3%
  • Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) - 5.4%
  • Lipoma - 1.5%
  • Leiomyoma - 1.5%
  • Other - 3.3%

Lung cancers

Whereas large cell carcinoma is more often histologically distinct, adenocarcinoma and SCC may look alike. In such cases, a panel of TTF1, CK5/6, and p63 can be used to distinguish the two.[4][5]

Further workup

For non-small cell carcinoma, the following algorithm can be applied:

  • Stages IB through IIIA: EGFR mutation analysis.
  • Stages IIIB and IV: Full next generation sequencing panel (DNA and RNA) with PDL-1 immunostaining.

Notes

  1. For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Patholines:Authorship for details.

Main page

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Alain C. Borczuk (2008). "Benign Tumors and Tumorlike Conditions of the Lung ". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 132 (7). Archived from the original. . 
  2. Kuroki, Masaomi; Nakata, Hiroshi; Masuda, Toshifumi; Hashiguchi, Norihisa; Tamura, Shozo; Nabeshima, Kazuki; Matsuzaki, Yasunori; Onitsuka, Toshio (2002). "Minute Pulmonary Meningothelial-like Nodules: High-Resolution Computed Tomography and Pathologic Correlations ". Journal of Thoracic Imaging 17 (3): 227–229. doi:10.1097/00005382-200207000-00008. ISSN 0883-5993. 
  3. Dr Nicholas Turnbull, A/Prof Patrick Emanual (2014-05-03). Squamous cell carcinoma pathology. DermNetz.
  4. Inamura K (2018). "Update on Immunohistochemistry for the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer. ". Cancers (Basel) 10 (3). doi:10.3390/cancers10030072. PMID 29538329. PMC: 5876647. Archived from the original. . 
  5. Affandi KA, Tizen NMS, Mustangin M, Zin RRMRM (2018). "p40 Immunohistochemistry Is an Excellent Marker in Primary Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. ". J Pathol Transl Med 52 (5): 283-289. doi:10.4132/jptm.2018.08.14. PMID 30235512. PMC: 6166010. Archived from the original. . 

Image sources