Difference between revisions of "Parathyroid glands"

From patholines.org
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Started)
 
(5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 7: Line 7:
  
 
==Microscopic evaluation==
 
==Microscopic evaluation==
Look for the main findings, which are:
+
Look for the most common significant findings, which are:
 
*'''Hyperplastic glands''', often nodular and asymmetric on inspection, and microscopy frequently show increased number of oxyphil cells.<ref name="ÅkerströmRudberg1986">{{cite journal|last1=Åkerström|first1=G.|last2=Rudberg|first2=C.|last3=Grimelius|first3=L.|last4=Bergström|first4=R.|last5=Johansson|first5=H.|last6=Ljunghall|first6=S.|last7=Rastad|first7=J.|title=Histologic parathyroid abnormalities in an autopsy series|journal=Human Pathology|volume=17|issue=5|year=1986|pages=520–527|issn=00468177|doi=10.1016/S0046-8177(86)80043-0}}</ref>
 
*'''Hyperplastic glands''', often nodular and asymmetric on inspection, and microscopy frequently show increased number of oxyphil cells.<ref name="ÅkerströmRudberg1986">{{cite journal|last1=Åkerström|first1=G.|last2=Rudberg|first2=C.|last3=Grimelius|first3=L.|last4=Bergström|first4=R.|last5=Johansson|first5=H.|last6=Ljunghall|first6=S.|last7=Rastad|first7=J.|title=Histologic parathyroid abnormalities in an autopsy series|journal=Human Pathology|volume=17|issue=5|year=1986|pages=520–527|issn=00468177|doi=10.1016/S0046-8177(86)80043-0}}</ref>
 
*Parathyroid '''adenoma'''.<ref name="ÅkerströmRudberg1986"/>
 
*Parathyroid '''adenoma'''.<ref name="ÅkerströmRudberg1986"/>
Line 14: Line 14:
 
<gallery mode=packed heights=220>
 
<gallery mode=packed heights=220>
 
File:1814 The Parathyroid Glands.jpg|Location and histology of the parathyroid glands
 
File:1814 The Parathyroid Glands.jpg|Location and histology of the parathyroid glands
 +
File:Histopathology of parathyroid chief cell hyperplasia.jpg|Parathyroid '''chief cell hyperplasia''': An increase in the parenchymal cell mass,as a result of the proliferation of chief cells, oncocytes, and transitional oncocytes in multiple parathyroid glands.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Piciucchi|first1=Sara|last2=Barone|first2=Domenico|last3=Gavelli|first3=Giampaolo|last4=Dubini|first4=Alessandra|last5=Oboldi|first5=Devil|last6=Matteuci|first6=Federica|title=Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Imaging to Pathology|journal=Journal of Clinical Imaging Science|volume=2|year=2012|pages=59|issn=2156-7514|doi=10.4103/2156-7514.102053}}<br>- This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</ref>
 
File:Parathyroid Adenoma 2 (4702993415).jpg|Parathyroid '''adenoma''', histology
 
File:Parathyroid Adenoma 2 (4702993415).jpg|Parathyroid '''adenoma''', histology
 +
File:Histopathology of parathyroid adenoma.jpg|thumb|Parathyroid '''adenoma''', with chief cells and eosinophilic follicles
 
File:Parathyroid Adenoma, FNA (5691039847).jpg|Parathyroid '''adenoma''', fine needle aspiration
 
File:Parathyroid Adenoma, FNA (5691039847).jpg|Parathyroid '''adenoma''', fine needle aspiration
 +
File:Histopathology of parathyroid congestion.jpg|Parathyroid venous '''congestion''' in circulatory failure.
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 +
 +
===Microscopy report===
 +
Normal example:
 +
*Sections show <<1, 2, 3, 4>> parathyroid glands with no focal changes or signs of hyperplasia.
  
 
==See also==
 
==See also==
 
*[[Thyroid]]
 
*[[Thyroid]]
 
{{Bottom}}
 
{{Bottom}}

Revision as of 14:46, 30 March 2021

Author: Mikael Häggström [note 1]

Autopsy

Optionally for a comprehensive autopsy, or where there is suspicion of parathyroid pathology, an effort is made to find the parathyroid glands, and inspect them for general or focal hyper-/neoplasia.

Microscopic evaluation

Look for the most common significant findings, which are:

  • Hyperplastic glands, often nodular and asymmetric on inspection, and microscopy frequently show increased number of oxyphil cells.[1]
  • Parathyroid adenoma.[1]

Serum calcium levels are generally elevated in patients with adenomas or hyperplastic glands containing large nodules, and often correlates with nephrosclerosis.[1]

Microscopy report

Normal example:

  • Sections show <<1, 2, 3, 4>> parathyroid glands with no focal changes or signs of hyperplasia.

See also

Notes

  1. For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Patholines:Authorship for details.

Main page

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Åkerström, G.; Rudberg, C.; Grimelius, L.; Bergström, R.; Johansson, H.; Ljunghall, S.; Rastad, J. (1986). "Histologic parathyroid abnormalities in an autopsy series ". Human Pathology 17 (5): 520–527. doi:10.1016/S0046-8177(86)80043-0. ISSN 00468177. 
  2. Piciucchi, Sara; Barone, Domenico; Gavelli, Giampaolo; Dubini, Alessandra; Oboldi, Devil; Matteuci, Federica (2012). "Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Imaging to Pathology ". Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 2: 59. doi:10.4103/2156-7514.102053. ISSN 2156-7514. 
    - This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Image sources