Changes

*''Helicobacter pylori''-like '''bacteria''' in the lumen, as curved, spirochete-like bacteria, generally in the superficial mucus layer and along microvilli of epithelial cells.<ref name=PathologyOutlines-HP/> *Associated '''inflammation''', typically a chronic form of '''[[gastritis]]''' with germinal centers (follicular gastritis), and plasma cells in lamina propria.<ref name=PathologyOutlines-HP>{{cite web|url=https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/stomachhelicobacter.html|title=Stomach - Infections - Helicobacter pylori|author=Elliot Weisenberg|website=Pathology Outlines}} Topic Completed: 1 August 2012. Minor changes: 1 September 2020</ref><ref group=notes>Plasma cells and lymphocytes are normally found in the lamina propria of the small and large intestine, but is abnormal in the stomach.</ref> There should be at least 3 plasma cells facing each other to make a diagnosis of chronic gastritis.Perform '''immunohistochemistry''' for ''H. pylori'' if there is in cases of moderate to severe chronic gastritis but uncertainty whether , or even just one neutrophil within the epithelium, where ''H. pylori''is not seen on H&E stains.<ref name="pmid22261451">{{cite journal| author=Hartman DJ, Owens SR| title=Are routine ancillary stains required to diagnose Helicobacter infection in gastric biopsy specimens? An institutional quality assurance review. | journal=Am J Clin Pathol | year= 2012 | volume= 137 | issue= 2 | pages= 255-like bacteria are seen60 | pmid=22261451 | doi=10.1309/AJCPD8FFBJ5LSLTE | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22261451 }} </ref>

{|class=wikitable| Stomach, biopsy:<br>Chronic active gastritis.<br>Positive for helicobacter pylori.|} Chronic gastritis without ''H. pylori''-like organisms should can be described as non-specific: