Difference between revisions of "Template:Central nervous system - Autopsy report"

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| The '''meninges''' and '''venous sinuses''' are unremarkable.
 
| The '''meninges''' and '''venous sinuses''' are unremarkable.
| {{Comprehensive-begin}}The dura and venous sinuses are unremarkable. The leptomeninges are thin, shiny and non-irritated, with no visible bleeding.
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| {{Comprehensive-begin}}The skull is unremarkable. The calvarium is opened in the usual manner. The scalp and overlying fascia are not remarkable. The skull is <<normal in thickness {{Finding-begin}}/ somewhat thickened in the frontal areas{{Finding-end}}. The cerebrospinal fluid is clear. The dura and venous sinuses are unremarkable. The leptomeninges are thin, shiny and non-irritated, with no visible bleeding. The superficial blood vessels are not congested. The sulci and gyri are <<normal {{Finding-begin}}/ flattened{{Finding-end}}.
 
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{{Moderate-begin}}No visible thrombi. No subdural hematoma.{{Moderate-end}}
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{{Moderate-begin}}No visible thrombi. No epidural, subdural or subarachnoid hematoma.{{Moderate-end}}
 
{|class="wikitable"
 
{|class="wikitable"
 
|The '''brain''' is symmetrical and weighs ___g.
 
|The '''brain''' is symmetrical and weighs ___g.
|{{Moderate-begin}} The cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres are of equal size, and have a normal weight of ___g. {{Comment-begin}}Men: 1.180 to 1.620 g. Women: 1.030 to 1.400 g{{Comment-end}}<ref name="MolinaDiMaio2012"/><ref name="MolinaDiMaio2015"/>
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|{{Moderate-begin}} The cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres are of equal size, and have a normal weight of ___g. {{Comment-begin}}Men: 1.180 to 1.620 g. Women: 1.030 to 1.400 g{{Comment-end}}<ref>Standard reference range: {{cite journal|last1=Molina|first1=D. Kimberley|last2=DiMaio|first2=Vincent J.M.|title=Normal Organ Weights in Men|journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology|volume=33|issue=4|year=2012|pages=368–372|issn=0195-7910|doi=10.1097/PAF.0b013e31823d29ad}}</ref><ref>Standard reference range: {{cite journal|last1=Molina|first1=D. Kimberley|last2=DiMaio|first2=Vincent J. M.|title=Normal Organ Weights in Women|journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology|volume=36|issue=3|year=2015|pages=182–187|issn=0195-7910|doi=10.1097/PAF.0000000000000175}}</ref>
 
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| No signs of herniation
 
| No signs of herniation
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{{Comprehensive-begin}}The cerebral ventricles are of normal size, with normal linings.{{Comprehensive-end}}
 
{{Comprehensive-begin}}The cerebral ventricles are of normal size, with normal linings.{{Comprehensive-end}}
Cut surfaces of the cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem show {{Moderate-begin}}normal gray and white parenchyma, and{{Moderate-end}} no {{Comprehensive-begin}}encephalomalacia, {{Comprehensive-end}}{{Moderate-begin}}hemorrhages, tumors or other{{Moderate-end}} focal abnormalities.
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Cut surfaces {{Comprehensive-begin}}after fixation{{Comprehensive-end}} of the cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem show {{Moderate-begin}}normal gray and white parenchyma, and{{Moderate-end}} no {{Comprehensive-begin}}encephalomalacia, {{Comprehensive-end}}{{Moderate-begin}}hemorrhages, tumors or other{{Moderate-end}} focal abnormalities. {{Comprehensive-begin}}The gyral pattern is preserved.{{Comprehensive-end}}
<br>The basal cerebral arteries << are ordinary / {{Finding-begin}}have mild / moderate / severe atherosclerosis{{Finding-end}}>> without aneurysms or thrombus.<noinclude>
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<br>The basal cerebral arteries << are ordinary / {{Finding-begin}}have mild / moderate / severe atherosclerosis{{Finding-end}}>> without aneurysms or occlusions.<noinclude>
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;{{Comment-begin}}The following is added after cutting the brain, which is generally performed after 5-14 days of fixation (depending on size):<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/post/Kindly_could_i_know_the_minimum_required_time_for_brain_fixation_befor_sectioning_to_avoid_mis_or_underinterpretation_of_data_muxh_oblighed|title=What is the minimum required time for brain fixation before sectioning?|website=ResearchGate}} 2012</ref>{{Comment-end}}
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No blood or exudate are seen in the meningeal spaces. The blood vessels at the base of the brain are intact and patent. The cerebral hemispheres are symmetrical and show a preserved gyral pattern. The brainstem and cerebellum are externally unremarkable. On multiple coronal sections the ventricular system is within normal limits. No focal lesions are identified in the cerebrum, cerebellum or brainstem.
 
{{Bottom}}
 
{{Bottom}}
 
</noinclude>
 
</noinclude>

Revision as of 08:12, 30 June 2021

Author: Mikael Häggström [note 1]
edit

The meninges and venous sinuses are unremarkable. ((The skull is unremarkable. The calvarium is opened in the usual manner. The scalp and overlying fascia are not remarkable. The skull is <<normal in thickness {{/ somewhat thickened in the frontal areas}}. The cerebrospinal fluid is clear. The dura and venous sinuses are unremarkable. The leptomeninges are thin, shiny and non-irritated, with no visible bleeding. The superficial blood vessels are not congested. The sulci and gyri are <<normal {{/ flattened}}.

(No visible thrombi. No epidural, subdural or subarachnoid hematoma.)

The brain is symmetrical and weighs ___g. ( The cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres are of equal size, and have a normal weight of ___g. [[Men: 1.180 to 1.620 g. Women: 1.030 to 1.400 g]][1][2]
No signs of herniation (No grooves on the bases of the cerebrum or cerebellum.)

((The cerebral ventricles are of normal size, with normal linings.)) Cut surfaces ((after fixation)) of the cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem show (normal gray and white parenchyma, and) no ((encephalomalacia, ))(hemorrhages, tumors or other) focal abnormalities. ((The gyral pattern is preserved.))
The basal cerebral arteries << are ordinary / {{have mild / moderate / severe atherosclerosis}}>> without aneurysms or occlusions.

[[The following is added after cutting the brain, which is generally performed after 5-14 days of fixation (depending on size)
[3]]]

No blood or exudate are seen in the meningeal spaces. The blood vessels at the base of the brain are intact and patent. The cerebral hemispheres are symmetrical and show a preserved gyral pattern. The brainstem and cerebellum are externally unremarkable. On multiple coronal sections the ventricular system is within normal limits. No focal lesions are identified in the cerebrum, cerebellum or brainstem.

Notes

  1. For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Patholines:Authorship for details.

Main page

References

  1. Standard reference range: Molina, D. Kimberley; DiMaio, Vincent J.M. (2012). "Normal Organ Weights in Men ". The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 33 (4): 368–372. doi:10.1097/PAF.0b013e31823d29ad. ISSN 0195-7910. 
  2. Standard reference range: Molina, D. Kimberley; DiMaio, Vincent J. M. (2015). "Normal Organ Weights in Women ". The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 36 (3): 182–187. doi:10.1097/PAF.0000000000000175. ISSN 0195-7910. 
  3. . What is the minimum required time for brain fixation before sectioning?. ResearchGate. 2012

Image sources