Difference between revisions of "Urinary bladder"

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===Gross reporting of transurethral resections===
 
===Gross reporting of transurethral resections===
*Generally submit all material.<ref group=notes>It may be sufficient to submit representative sections that include the muscular layer, if grossly identified. Yet, many departments require submission of the entire specimen regardless, so if unsure, that is the safe choice.</ref>
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*Generally submit '''all''' material.<ref group=notes>It may be sufficient to submit representative sections that include the muscular layer, if grossly identified. Yet, many departments require submission of the entire specimen regardless, so if unsure, that is the safe choice.</ref>
 
*Submit in tea bags or equivalent.<ref>Tissue from transurethral resections are generally very brittle and may escape the openings of a conventional cassette.</ref>
 
*Submit in tea bags or equivalent.<ref>Tissue from transurethral resections are generally very brittle and may escape the openings of a conventional cassette.</ref>
  
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File:Papillary urothelial carcinoma (low-grade), very high mag.jpg|'''Low grade [[urothelial carcinoma]]''': Urothelium is thickened but only slightly atypical and has maintained polarity.
 
File:Papillary urothelial carcinoma (low-grade), very high mag.jpg|'''Low grade [[urothelial carcinoma]]''': Urothelium is thickened but only slightly atypical and has maintained polarity.
 
File:Papillary urothelial carcinoma (high-grade), very high mag.jpg|'''High grade [[urothelial carcinoma]]''': Loss of polarity and severe abnormal cytology.
 
File:Papillary urothelial carcinoma (high-grade), very high mag.jpg|'''High grade [[urothelial carcinoma]]''': Loss of polarity and severe abnormal cytology.
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</gallery>
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Other possibilities:
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<gallery mode=packed heights=200>
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File:Histopathology of squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, low magnification.jpg|'''Squamous cell carcinoma''' of the urinary bladder. {{further|Urothelial versus squamous cell carcinoma|linebreak=no}}
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 
{{Bottom}}
 
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Revision as of 14:57, 3 February 2021

Author: Mikael Häggström [note 1]

Bladder cancer

The main condition of interest in urinary bladder cytologies and biopsies is bladder cancer.

Gross reporting of transurethral resections

  • Generally submit all material.[notes 1]
  • Submit in tea bags or equivalent.[1]

Example report:

Container A. Labeled "bladder tumor". The specimen is received in formalin and consists of multiple fragments of tan-gray, friable soft tissue measuring about __ x __ x __ cm in aggregate. The specimen is entirely submitted for microscopic examination in __ cassettes.

Microscopy

Mainly look for urothelial carcinoma (also called transitional cell carcinoma), which constitutes 95% of bladder cancers.[2]

Other possibilities:

Notes

  1. It may be sufficient to submit representative sections that include the muscular layer, if grossly identified. Yet, many departments require submission of the entire specimen regardless, so if unsure, that is the safe choice.
  1. For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Patholines:Authorship for details.

Main page

References

  1. Tissue from transurethral resections are generally very brittle and may escape the openings of a conventional cassette.
  2. . Types of Bladder Cancer: TCC & Other Variants. CTCA.

Image sources