Difference between revisions of "Urinary bladder"

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File:Papillary urothelial carcinoma (low-grade), very high mag.jpg|'''Low grade [[urothelial carcinoma]]''': Urothelium is thickened but only slightly atypical and has maintained polarity.
 
File:Papillary urothelial carcinoma (low-grade), very high mag.jpg|'''Low grade [[urothelial carcinoma]]''': Urothelium is thickened but only slightly atypical and has maintained polarity.
 
File:Papillary urothelial carcinoma (high-grade), very high mag.jpg|'''High grade [[urothelial carcinoma]]''': Loss of polarity and severe abnormal cytology.
 
File:Papillary urothelial carcinoma (high-grade), very high mag.jpg|'''High grade [[urothelial carcinoma]]''': Loss of polarity and severe abnormal cytology.
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File:Histopathology of inverted urothelial papilloma, high magnification.jpg|In contrast, an '''inverted urothelial papilloma''' has smooth surface with minimal to absent exophytic component, is well circumscribed with smooth base, and has no obvious infiltration and no/minimal cytologic atypia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/bladderinvertedpapilloma.html|title=Bladder, ureter & renal pelvis - Urothelial neoplasms - noninvasive - Inverted urothelial papilloma|website=Pathology Outlines|author=Monika Roychowdhury}} Topic Completed: 1 December 2014. Minor changes: 3 December 2020</ref>
 
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Revision as of 07:41, 12 July 2021

Author: Mikael Häggström [note 1]

Bladder cancer

The main condition of interest in urinary bladder cytologies and biopsies is bladder cancer.

Gross reporting of transurethral resections

  • Generally submit all material.[notes 1]
  • Submit in tea bags or equivalent.[1]

Example report:

Container A. Labeled "bladder tumor". The specimen is received in formalin and consists of multiple fragments of tan-gray, friable soft tissue measuring about __ x __ x __ cm in aggregate. The specimen is entirely submitted for microscopic examination in __ cassettes.

Microscopy

Mainly look for urothelial carcinoma (also called transitional cell carcinoma), which constitutes 95% of bladder cancers.[2]

Other possibilities:

Notes

  1. It may be sufficient to submit representative sections that include the muscular layer, if grossly identified. Yet, many departments require submission of the entire specimen regardless, so if unsure, that is the safe choice.
  1. For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Patholines:Authorship for details.

Main page

References

  1. Tissue from transurethral resections are generally very brittle and may escape the openings of a conventional cassette.
  2. . Types of Bladder Cancer: TCC & Other Variants. CTCA.
  3. Monika Roychowdhury. Bladder, ureter & renal pelvis - Urothelial neoplasms - noninvasive - Inverted urothelial papilloma. Pathology Outlines. Topic Completed: 1 December 2014. Minor changes: 3 December 2020

Image sources