Urine cytology
Author:
Mikael Häggström [note 1]
Clinical information
It is not necessary to look through more than readily available reports from previous urine cytologies.
Evaluation
Mainly look for:
Reactive urothelial changes, Pap stain, showing urothelial cells with enlarged nuclei but a nucleus-cytoplasm ratio of less than 0.5. There are bacteria, as well as an inflammatory response of neutrophils, providing a cause for the changes. Can be reported as "Benign urothelial cells, neutrophils and bacteria".
High-grade urothelial carcinoma. Cytologic diagnosis of high-grade urothelial carcinoma requires > 10 cells with high N/C ratio, irregular chromatin pattern and hyperchromatic nuclei (Pap stain).[1]
The N/C ratios apply to the finding of any cells meeting the criteria, and not the average among atypical cells (in the majority of obviously positive cases, N/C/ratio averages 0.5).[2] When there are obvious features of malignancy, there is no need to hunt for cells that fulfil all criteria to make such diagnosis.[2]
Notes
- ↑ For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Patholines:Authorship for details.
Main page
References
- ↑ Wang Y, Auger M, Kanber Y, Caglar D, Brimo F (2018). "Implementing The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology results in a decrease in the rate of the "atypical" category and an increase in its prediction of subsequent high-grade urothelial carcinoma. ". Cancer Cytopathol 126 (3): 207-214. doi: . PMID 29278461. Archived from the original. .
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 - Image by Mikael Häggström. Reference: Wojcik EM, Kurtycz DFI, Rosenthal DL (2022). "We'll always have Paris The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology 2022. ". J Am Soc Cytopathol 11 (2): 62-66. doi: . PMID 35094954. Archived from the original. .
Image sources