Testicle: Difference between revisions
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==Evaluation== | ==Evaluation== | ||
Look mainly for: | Look mainly for: | ||
*Tumors. {{ | *Tumors. | ||
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File:Relative incidences of testicular tumors.png|Relative incidences of testicular tumors.<ref>{{MH}} Reference:{{cite journal| author=Gill MS, Shah SH, Soomro IN, Kayani N, Hasan SH| title=Morphological pattern of testicular tumors. | journal=J Pak Med Assoc | year= 2000 | volume= 50 | issue= 4 | pages= 110-3 | pmid=10851829 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10851829 }}</ref> | |||
</gallery> | |||
*Optionally, disorders of spermatogenesis. | *Optionally, disorders of spermatogenesis. | ||
[[File:Spermatogenesis pathologies.png|850px|center]] | [[File:Spermatogenesis pathologies.png|850px|center]] | ||
{{Bottom}} | {{Bottom}} | ||
Revision as of 13:58, 11 April 2022
Author:
Mikael Häggström [note 1]
Gross processing
Triage
Usual steps:[1]
- Weigh the specimen.
- Measure:
- The size of the testis in 3 dimensions
- The spermatic cord length and diameter
- Ink the tunica vaginalis.
- Cut through tunica vaginalis with scissors
- Bisect the testis in the plane of the epididymis.
- Photograph the cut surface.
- If any tumor:
- Measure the size of the tumor in 3 dimensions
- Describe the gross appearance.
- Measure the distance of the tumor from the tunica vaginalis
- Note tumor extension: up to, into, or through the tunica albuginea or vaginalis.
- Measure the distance of the tumor from the epididymis and spermatic cord, and note any epididymal and spermatic cord involvement.
- Describe the remaining testicular parenchyma.
- If the specimen is large, serially section perpendicular to the long axis.
- Fix in formalin overnight.
Tissue selection
Generally including the following:[1]
- The proximal spermatic cord margin en face[note 2].
- For any tumor:
- At least 1 section per cm of tumor, including the closest penetration of tunica albuginea/vaginalis and epididymis.
- Grossly different areas of tumor to determine which components are present (in case of potential mixed germ cell tumor).
- Additional sections of the spermatic cord
- Normal (uninvolved) testis.
- Any found lymph nodes
In case of orchiectomy for undescended testis, submit the entire testicular parenchyma to evaluate for GCNIS (germ cell neoplasia in situ).[1]
Evaluation
Look mainly for:
- Tumors.
-
![Relative incidences of testicular tumors.[2]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Relative_incidences_of_testicular_tumors.png/330px-Relative_incidences_of_testicular_tumors.png?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=thumbnail)
Relative incidences of testicular tumors.[2]
![Relative incidences of testicular tumors.[2]](/File:Relative_incidences_of_testicular_tumors.png)
- Optionally, disorders of spermatogenesis.
Notes
- ↑ For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Patholines:Authorship for details.
- ↑ En face means that the section is tangential to the region of interest (such as a lesion) of a specimen. Further information: Gross_processing#Cutting
Main page
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nicole Cipriani. Testis. The University of Chicago Department of Pathology. Retrieved on 2021-03-31.
- ↑ Reference:Gill MS, Shah SH, Soomro IN, Kayani N, Hasan SH (2000). "Morphological pattern of testicular tumors. ". J Pak Med Assoc 50 (4): 110-3. PMID 10851829. Archived from the original. .
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Image sources